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What Is Self Sufficiency Ratio (SSR)?

The self-sufficiency ratio (SSR) is calculates the percentage of food consumed and produced domestically. It defines whether the production of agricultural commodities for a country is sufficient to meet domestic needs. The higher the ratio, the greater the self-sufficiency.

SSR aims at improving safety through enhancing the effectiveness and accountability of security institutions controlled by civilians and operating according to human rights and the rule of law.

Malaysia SSR 2020

Supply of eight fruits in 2020 was sufficient to fulfil the local demands with SSR of more than 100.0 per cent. Papaya recorded the highest SSR at 156.0 per cent (2019: 153.1%) followed by watermelon, 139.4 per cent (2019: 161.3%) and starfruit, 117.3 per cent (2019: 132.8%).

Seven types of selected vegetables have adequate supply for domestic needs namely tomato with 123.7 per cent (2019: 131.2%), lettuce ,114.0 per cent (2019: 112.5%), brinjal, 112.3 per cent (2019: 119.3%) and cucumber, 112.1 per cent (2019: 110.8%).

SSR for chicken/ duck eggs is the only item in livestock category that exceed 100.0 per cent at 113.5 per cent (2019: 117.8%). Meanwhile, for fisheries,  tuna’s SSR stood at 108.1 per cent (2019: 101.3%) and shrimp, 101.7 per cent (2019: 103.0%).

Malaysia Import & Export Agri Product

Among the reasons that may hinder the performance of Agriculture sector is higher cost in raw materials especially for the commodities related to food products. For the last ten years, the index of  foodstuff and feed stocks increased 24.4 per cent. Most feeding stuff for animal was imported mainly from Argentina, while for fertilisers, were from Canada and China. Imports of feeding stuff for animals amounted at RM4.6 billion in 2020, while fertiliser at RM3.2 billion.

Import dependency ratio (IDR) is to determine the percentage of a country’s dependency on imports of agricultural commodities to meet domestic needs. The higher import dependency ratio means the more supply of agricultural commodities to be imported.

Malaysia’s dependency on imports for agricultural commodities increased to 13.7 per cent from  7.3 per cent over 28 years (1987-2015). In 2020, Malaysia imported RM55.5 billion food products as compared to RM33.8 billion of exports. The fastest increase in imports compared to exports has led to an increase in the trade deficit of food products amounted to RM21.7 billion in 2020, increased 24.9 per cent as compared to the previous year. It is also observed that imports of food accumulated to RM482.8 billion for the last 10 years, while exports amounted to RM296 billion.

In addition, Malaysia is also highly dependent on imports of mutton (RM879.4 million), mango (RM87.9 million), coconut (RM266.1 million) and beef (RM2.2 billion) to meet domestic demand. More than 70.0 per cent of imported mutton was  from Australia while mango, coconut and beef were mainly imported from Thailand, Indonesia and India respectively.

Reference:

Do you know the difference between SSR & Idr? 27 Advisory. (n.d.). Retrieved June 9, 2022, from https://27.group/do-you-know-the-difference-between-ssr-idr/#:~:text=The%20self%2Dsufficiency%20ratio%20(SSR,the%20greater%20the%20self%2Dsufficiency.

Supply and utilization accounts selected agricultural commodities, Malaysia 2016-2020 .favourite { position : Absolute; width : 24px; height : 24px; background : URL(IMAGES/ICON/FAV-PUB-GRAY.PNG) no-repeat; top : 0px; right : 0; } .added { background : Url(images/icon/fav-pub-yellow.png) no-repeat; }. Department of Statistics Malaysia Official Portal. (n.d.). Retrieved June 9, 2022, from https://www.dosm.gov.my/v1/index.php?r=column%2FcthemeByCat&cat=164&bul_id=cHgwanhNdU4vWXRvc3pnZU9xSjZTUT09&menu_id=Z0VTZGU1UHBUT1VJMFlpaXRRR0xpdz09